Ishin Ryu Ju-Jitsu recently held gradings for children who attended evening classes at the Hertswood Centre, Borehamwood.

The successful candidates received a certificate of grade signed by the federation's founder Kevin Pell (black belt 8th Dan) and national coach for children's development Mark Hayden-Smith (black belt 4th Dan).

Children from the ages of four to 12 were put through their paces.

The infants (four to seven) have been learning how to defend themselves if they are thrown to the ground, as well as carrying out ground work and wrestling.

The juniors have been learning how to use a tonfa (side-handled baton), as well as other forms of self-defence techniques.

New classes are about to begin, with gradings due to take place in June. For details, call 01953 483795 or go to www.ishinryu.com